What to write great books, When no one read them? The present-day rogue are only able to deny. "Faust" by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe At this point in time is so much said about the global financial crisis that seems to be to say something new is impossible. But, characteristically, to the mainstream publications and speeches on the subject - is the superficiality of filing the true causes of the crisis and its perpetrators. And from here and all kinds of looting in the area of production and public relations, which is issued as a result of the crisis. Budget slashed - the crisis, the plant closed - the crisis, workers salaries cut back - the crisis, schools and hospitals are no longer finance - the crisis, prices for utilities to increase - the crisis and so on.
So what has caused such a tremendous financial crisis?
As is well known the world financial crisis that developed from the mortgage crisis in the U.S., but that does not mean that this is the true cause of global turmoil. And the reason for the crisis broke out lies in the very essence of capitalism and this is clear and understandable, wrote in his famous Das Kapital Karl Marx. Who studied in Soviet times, he should know, though, may not attach any importance to this. When Marx spoke about the limitations of capitalist production, is clearly pointed out that the contradiction between labor and capital will put an end to the capitalist mode of production, but not fanatics revolutionaries, as this has been portrayed to the people. The essence of this contradiction lies in the fact that capital is inescapable to seek the profits that it can only get through the exploitation of living labor, and in this quest owner of capital wants to have cheap labor. But it must not only wage earners, especially as hired workers of other owners of capital are potential consumers of its products. After all, if there is no consumption, there is no sales, then stop and production. It turns out that capital on the one hand, seeks to ensure workers were small salary, but on the other - that they consume as much as possible. If we look at the history of the last three centuries, we see that it is capital in pursuit of markets actively mastering the world by engaging in competition with other capitals and countries, and occasionally unleashing and all kinds of war. But now, more than fifty years as the world is divided and capital have to look for other ways to its growth, without altering the essence of industrial relations. And he finds them! One way of smoothing of this contradiction is the credit. Loan capital as an attempt to profit today in return for future production, when the salary a worker is low, that is, allows capital to get enough profits, but it consumes much more work. Only in this case, the contradiction is not overcome, but only postponed the time until the resource runs out of future wage employees. The resource is exhausted, as a man with a salary of $ 1000 may not gain credit for a hundred million, but especially in conditions of unstable capitalist production. That's the crisis erupted.
Why he began his march from America, and why the financial crisis, is also not difficult to understand.
Financial crisis - this is an inevitable manifestation of the domination of the financial oligarchy, which originated on the basis of concentration of capital. Concentration of the capital, where the larger capitalist sharks absorb small, this is one of the laws of the existence of capital itself, leading him to slaughter. And as in the past 100 years the world witnessed the growth of American financial power, then the crisis began in this country.
The U.S. financial system has long been considered one of the freest in terms of state surveillance. U.S. financial institutions flourished, generating record profits at the expense of the housing boom and the release of various derivatives. Almost unlimited freedom in financial markets has led to the creation of a huge overhang of derivatives - the derivative securities, the total volume of which amounted to more than 500 trillion, ten times more than the world's GDP in 2008, and at times - the value of all real assets in the world . Although derivatives for a long time helped to credit institutions to enrich, they also caused the fall of some of them. But derivatives are not going to eat, one can not build a house instead of a jacket and did not dress, but because all of these derivatives, giving huge profit financial speculators, should be based on actual production. And once the real production fails, the borrower could no longer borrow and pay interest, all of these derivatives fell like autumn foliage. Accelerated the crisis by the fact that American banks have introduced a floating rate loan that is interest on loans will not change regardless of the initial agreement. First, the borrower lure cheap credit, and then raised the percentage of the borrower and squeeze all the "juice", not thinking about the consequences. And they came! And came the surprise of many. Began falling production, lower standard of living, impoverishment of the masses, plant closures, cuts in social security and so on. These events occurred not only in America but also captured nearly the whole world as the U.S. economy is one of the most powerful and global market participants used the dollar as the unit of account, as the world currency. Its role in the development of the financial crisis as a world phenomenon was also played by the U.S. Federal Reserve, acting as a global emission center. Used in dollars and Russian banks, industrialists and citizens. And not just used as a large portion of the proceeds from the sale of hydrocarbons have invested in American securities, which erupted as a result of the crisis were to turn into a plain paper. The country's leadership beginning of a reinforced company to restore its reputation and criticism of the U.S. financial system, the fault is, and there was a global financial crisis. Yes, and we agree: the fault of America's financial oligarchs. But who, as you pushed them to serve those who made the export to the U.S. from the sale of hydrocarbon resources, who are forced to destroy their own producers, in order to receive profits on the resale of imported goods? No one, except for greed at any cost, even at the cost of living of millions of Russian citizens spivshihsya of despair, millions of young people embarked on the path of addiction, because of futility, millions of sick and disabled people who have died from lack of medicine. Who forced them to curtail domestic consumption market and replacing it with imported goods for the sake of a narrow group of primary income monopolies and financial oligarchies. When they are selling the hydrocarbons, immediately bought imported goods (drugs, industrial products, agricultural), and their importation into the country receiving the profit.
For fast as sales of imported goods and they were destroyed, with exorbitant taxes and expensive loans, the domestic producer. This phenomenon also has an explanation that fits into the history of the party, but in this case I will not touch this particular topic, so as not to overload the reader. It should be noted: that the system of public administration, customized for the super financial-industrial groups and led to such severe consequences of the crisis in the country. The decline in production, the effects of the crisis in Russia has been one of the most significant. Production and domestic consumption was breathing its last, if I may say so, and when the crisis erupted in the U.S., in Russia, just started a hurricane. We can say that the situation has developed in the empire, which is described in Goethe's Faust: Came to an end the Allied Contributions And no money pump Now the treasury is not inflated Dried up tributary capitation fees We have that city, and donors, And svoevolnichaet know. Now, any possession of the Princes Boss nova race. Rulers hand we do not associate, Others were given as incentives. Of the parties as if they were not invited, Props we create. We are also alien to their sorrow, As we and our needs to them. Who now cares You Guelph and Ghibellines are you? Self comes first, All for ourselves, everyone lord. We all desire to become richer, On all doors lock padlock, But let them in our chest. (Guelphs and Ghibellines - supporters of the papacy and the imperial power in medieval Italy.)
But today is not only important to determine the true reasons, but also to find ways to overcome the ravages of the crisis, the ravages of the financial oligarchy, creating unbearable living conditions. And that's something, just, do not we hear from our government and president. Government crisis plan aimed at bailing out banks and the profits of financial-industrial groups, but not to restore the country's industrial potential. That, incidentally, is very distinctive from the measures taken by the Americans or Chinese.
As I have said, the reason for the U.S. financial crisis was in no way limited freedom in financial markets on release in the treatment of various derivatives, which led to the creation of a huge overhang of derivatives - the derivative securities, amounting to more than 500 trillion. All this is a manifestation of the domination of finance capital, leading to the collapse of the entire system of capitalist relations, when real production is destroyed for the sake of the profits of the financial oligarchy. The unfolding financial crisis, when only a year went bankrupt more than a U.S. bank, made the U.S. administration to take stringent measures to curb the arbitrariness of financial institutions, and Barack Obama urged to tighten financial controls in the U.S.. President Barack Obama in his address to the nation called on Congress to approve changes in the American system of financial regulation. He said the need to introduce more stringent measures to regulate the economy and financial markets - not just in the U.S., but around the world to prevent the recurrence of past mistakes.
The massive collapse of banks has caused anger on the part of the American public and the media, which accused the bankers irresponsibility, greed, and sometimes in criminal acts. Summing up all the changes proposed by the U.S. administration, can be stated that regulation of U.S. financial sector will become much more than before the crisis. Almost certainly, this means that previous gains financiers can not see the U.S. as their ears.
The unfolding crisis in the U.S. shook the entire world economy, while Russia suffered the most severe consequences. The question naturally arises: why Americans have a crisis and we fall in production on tens of percentage points? After China, which supplied the American market for the lion's share of goods, escaped with just a decline in output growth, rather than falling.
In 2009, the growth of the Chinese economy grew by 8.7%, and in the past year came on the same level of growth, and in 2010, according to IMF data, China's economic growth rate of 10%. What explains, "Chinese miracle" of such a quick and triumphant exit from the crisis? It is no secret that support the economy of China has a government program promoting growth of 4 trillion yuan ($ 585 billion), as well as a record increase in lending, and not under any such interest, as in Russia. The volume of capital investment by Chinese companies has increased by 33,5% in the first half against the backdrop of record volume of lending has made for this period of $ 1.1 trillion. At the same time, many believe that current levels of the Chinese economy - is not the limit, and wait for exciting new data. According to the forecast deputy director of the Research Center on Development of the State Council of Ba Shusuna, China will become the first country recovered from the recession, the growth of China's GDP in 2009 is 8%, and in the first quarter of 2010 could exceed 10%. Chinese authorities intend to maintain measures to support the economy. "Thanks to the timely implementation of a package of measures has been achieved economic growth, increased domestic demand for goods, increase incomes," - said at the October meeting, members of the Standing Committee of the State Council. Such measures taken leadership of the U.S. and China, but what made the leaders of Russia, in order to support the domestic economy? And the Russian government, apparently looking for overseas friends, has allocated huge resources to banks, but that the result was different. Bankers money, of course, have taken, but the real economy they have never reached. How true! Began to resent all those who hoped for a slightly different result. That's just why he should be given? In fact, before the financial crisis, Russian banks have withdrawn from the country's economy lion's share of the profits, why are they now begin to act differently and will cease to assign most of the funds allocated by the state to overcome the crisis? The President, the State Duma and the Government had refused to nationalize the banking sector, and move to direct financing of industrial enterprises are faced with an outflow of capital and under-financing industry. It turned out that the banks have, and credit and financial system is not. Central Bank chairman Sergei Ignatiev, not wanting to take over all responsibility, said that part of the allocated state funds to support the financial sector, commercial banks foreign currency translation and placed in foreign banks. Capital outflow from Russia in October totaled $ 50 billion The situation with the lending industries and Sergei Ivanov said. "A number of enterprises of the defense," experiencing an acute shortage of working capital to ensure the finished product, transfer it to the customer. The banking sector tends not only to maintain its stability, which is understandable, but also a significant benefit at the expense of industry. This is completely incomprehensible, and in any gate not climbing. Many banks are aggressively trying to change the basic conditions already signed loan agreements to raise rates to 9-12% to 15-18%, "-" Ivanov said. The situation is so critical that Prime Minister Vladimir Putin gathered the bankers and threatened them with inspections by law enforcement agencies, if the money continue to flee the country. Do not stay aside and the President of the country.
"Banks should not profit from the loans, said the Russian president and instructed the Central Bank to monitor the fairness margins of banks." At a meeting with the leadership of the Chamber of Commerce (CCI) Dmitry Medvedev echoed the words of Prime Minister Vladimir Putin about the fact that now, with the liquidity crisis, banks should conduct themselves primarily as "gosagenty" and aim at, as to saturate Money smaller financial institutions and the real sector of the economy. And forget for a time the main goal of any business - profit. Rejecting that banks acted as government bodies in shape, Dmitry Medvedev, suggested that private banks to become so in essence, pressing on morality and responsibility. And to the need to follow the moral law, ie "Fair" margin, no doubt, the President proposed to allocate special tsentrobankovskih "commissioners." According to Medvedev, "fair" interest rate should be determined by the formula "inflation plus a margin (ie, the percentage of the official consumer price index plus a certain percentage of" fair "profit). A "see to it that this margin of banking, the bank's remuneration for the relevant banking operation, was reasonable - a case control organizations, recalled, Dmitry Medvedev. Otherwise, President Medvedev has threatened to shorten the chain of passing the money through a credit system. Law enforcement and supervisory authorities of the Russian Federation did not take long to wait, and agreed on joint action to tighten control over spending of budget funds allocated to overcome the effects of the global financial crisis. Meeting of the interdepartmental working group on combating violations in the sphere of economy with the participation of representatives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, FSB, the Federal Tax Service, Federal Financial Monitoring Service, the Central Bank and the Federal Service for Financial Markets took place Tuesday at the General Prosecutor's Office. The meeting participants adopted an action program to secure budget funds allocated for the strengthening of financial and other sectors of the economy. As we see, instead of simple, effective and understandable to the people of measures to nationalize banking, has been said a lot of terrible words and exhortations, but because everything is still as in the fable, where the cat Vaska listens yes eat. And eating, as is evident from news reports, this cat is not enough. According to the Bank, the profits of the 30 largest credit institutions in the first quarter of 2010 has doubled compared to the same period last year - up to 82 billion rubles. The annual profit of 30 largest banks in the April 1 962 000 000 000 515 519 000 rubles, said the central bank. This is only 1,4% more than what had been the previous year (949 000 000 000 181 109 000 rubles). But while the first three months of 2010 profits top thirty was twice over the same period in 2009: 82 billion rubles to 39.7 billion rubles. All Russian banks received the first quarter of 116.7 billion rubles in net profit. It is interesting that the volume of lending continues to fall (on April 1st credit debt was 14.955 trillion rubles, while the previous year was 15.805 trillion rubles), and arrears on previous loans and other placements for the same period grew by almost half - to 752.62 billion rubles to 463 billion rubles. In recent months, the banking sector can be divided into two main trends - the decline in assets of credit institutions and the increase in bank profits, experts say. "The reduction in assets is justified to some reduction in lending, as well as a significant reduction in the volume of cash, precious metals and stones (at 25.48%, to 408 billion rubles). And the growth in earnings is due primarily small increase to customers, increase revenue on bonds and notes and the annual increase in interest income of banks ", - analyst IK" Finam "Konstantin Romanov.
Here is a paradoxical situation in the banking sector - loans to stagnate, profits grow! Exists in Russia's economy! Successfully overcome the crisis and the Russian oligarchs, who were able to double his annual state of up to $ 297 billion, estimates the Russian Forbes. Of these same billionaires has twice as many - 62. Only those who have to deal with the crisis - it's just the Russian workers, some of which are generally found without a livelihood, because I think the unemployment benefit means to live hard. Yes, and those who continue to work are forced to tighten their belts tighter and tighter, as the greatly increased utility bills, food prices, and wages also declined, due to uncontrolled inflation and invincible.
At the same time Russians spend nearly half their salary to buy food, as evidenced by a poll by the Levada Center. This suggests that Russia - a country poor, and assumptions about the situation yet. Almost half of their monthly income Russians spend to buy food, leading to Interfax data nationwide survey by the Levada Center, held from 16 to 19 April. Dlyasravneniya: the crisis in 2009, it takes less than - 36% of salary. Now, based on survey data, for the purchase of food 23% of Russians spend two-thirds of earnings, 20% - slightly less than half, and 10% - all the money. That a large part of his salary goes to food, evidenced by low incomes of the least affluent. In fact, the share of expenditures in the budget for family meals - an indicator of poverty. This figure is in contrast to the official statistics can not be deceived: it is the most versatile and the ultimate indicator of poverty. Here at once inflation and food prices and wages. And it is not surprising that, in connection with the crisis of this proportion has increased. If citizens, spending on food half earnings in the country for more than 50%, we can say that a poor country. Meanwhile, in developed countries, households spend on food, about 20-25% of monthly income. In some countries the figures are even better: in England, for example, on food is spent 11% of household income in France - 14%. No need to have seven genius and ten degrees, to understand that low labor costs and allows the financial oligarchy, commodity tycoons and the service of their bureaucracy and receive a fabulous profit. And the working class is something to pursue, the Bole that passive consent of employees to work for little pay for leading the country to ruin and it is no exaggeration. After all, the low cost of labor and capital pushing the country to a dead end road - reducing wages, as the only source of increasing profits. This also contributes to the uncontrolled influx of migrants who, in the first stage of capital increase revenues, but ultimately destroy, industry, economy and country. Only the high cost of labor to the world markets, forced the captain, but a necessity and is the driving force for development, increase productivity, adopt new technologies and machines. In recent years, has received widespread slogan: "decent pay for decent work". With this slogan are the union leaders, this slogan sounded and the congress of United Russia. The new masters of life uttered this sentence with an air of profundity, relying on the recognition and understanding. Here are just in that very slogan is nothing new, but a rehash of old, worn European politicians even in the nineteenth century the slogan: "A fair wage for a fair day, which is still Engels offered to bury forever. But as we see, this slogan has found a second life in the mouths of the newly-fledged Russian bourgeoisie. That's what I wrote on this subject Engels: "A fair wage for a fair day? But what is a fair wage and that is just a working day? How are they those laws under which he lives and is developing a modern society? To answer this question we must turn not to the science of Maralee or on the right and not to the sentiment of humanity, justice or even compassion. What is true in terms of morality or law, may be not just socially. Social justice and injustice are determined only one science, namely science, which deals with the material facts of production and exchange - the science of political economy ... But hearken to the case more deeply. Since, according to political economy, wages and the working day are determined by competition, fairness, obviously requires that both parties were from the beginning placed in the same conditions. But this is something and not in reality. If the capitalist is not arranged with the worker, then he can wait, living on their capital. Desktop is impossible. In addition to salary, he can not live on that, so he is forced to take work if there on the terms on which he can get it. Work from the beginning is the struggle in adverse conditions. Hunger puts him in terrible disadvantage. Meanwhile, according to the political economy of the capitalist class, that is just and is the top justice. But this is utter nonsense. Propagation of mechanical power and machinery for new production and distribution and improvement of machinery in those industries where they have already been applied, deprived of more and more "hands", and it happens much faster than those displaced by the "hand" can be absorbed and find employment in the factories of the country. These superseded the "hand" constitute a genuine industrial reserve army, which uses the capital. If things are bad in the industry, they may die of starvation, begging, stealing or go to the workhouse, if things in the industry are good, they are always on hand to expand production, and up until the last of the men, women or children, components of this reserve army, can not find work - that happens only during periods of overproduction mad, until this reserve army of the competition will lower wages, and one has its existence would strengthen the power of capital in its struggle against labor. In competition with the capital work has not only put at a disadvantage, but he still has to drag his leg chained to the iron core. However, according to the capitalist political economy, this is true. But find out from the same fund pays a capital that is so fair wages. From the capital, of course. But capital does not produce value. Labor is the only source of wealth, capital itself is nothing, as the accumulated product of labor. Thus, the fee shall be paid for work from the same labor and worker is paid from its own product. According to what we might call the ordinary justice, workers' wages should correspond to the product of his labor. But according to political economy, it would not be fair. On the contrary, the product of labor worker goes to the capitalist and the worker gets out of it no more than what is absolutely necessary for life. Thus, the result is an unusually "fair" competition is the fact that the product of labor of those who work, inevitably accumulates in the hands of those who do not work, and it becomes in their hands a powerful instrument to enslave the very people who produced it. Fair wage for a fair day! Much could be said about the fair-time, whose validity to a tee is the same as the fair wage. But it should be postponed until another time. From what has been said, it is clear that the old slogan has outlived its time and is unlikely to fit in our time. The validity of political economy, since the latter is true formulates laws that govern today's society, that justice is entirely on one side - on the side of capital. So bury forever the old slogan and replace it with another: MEANS OF LABOR - raw materials, factories, machines - in the possession of the workers! " So he taught business associate of Marx's revolutionary and successful entrepreneur Friedrich Engels. And today, estimating experience, past reforms have to say - the state - into the possession of the workers themselves. And only this could really, not words, to ensure fair wages and the progressive development of society. Vitaly Glukhov
So what has caused such a tremendous financial crisis?
As is well known the world financial crisis that developed from the mortgage crisis in the U.S., but that does not mean that this is the true cause of global turmoil. And the reason for the crisis broke out lies in the very essence of capitalism and this is clear and understandable, wrote in his famous Das Kapital Karl Marx. Who studied in Soviet times, he should know, though, may not attach any importance to this. When Marx spoke about the limitations of capitalist production, is clearly pointed out that the contradiction between labor and capital will put an end to the capitalist mode of production, but not fanatics revolutionaries, as this has been portrayed to the people. The essence of this contradiction lies in the fact that capital is inescapable to seek the profits that it can only get through the exploitation of living labor, and in this quest owner of capital wants to have cheap labor. But it must not only wage earners, especially as hired workers of other owners of capital are potential consumers of its products. After all, if there is no consumption, there is no sales, then stop and production. It turns out that capital on the one hand, seeks to ensure workers were small salary, but on the other - that they consume as much as possible. If we look at the history of the last three centuries, we see that it is capital in pursuit of markets actively mastering the world by engaging in competition with other capitals and countries, and occasionally unleashing and all kinds of war. But now, more than fifty years as the world is divided and capital have to look for other ways to its growth, without altering the essence of industrial relations. And he finds them! One way of smoothing of this contradiction is the credit. Loan capital as an attempt to profit today in return for future production, when the salary a worker is low, that is, allows capital to get enough profits, but it consumes much more work. Only in this case, the contradiction is not overcome, but only postponed the time until the resource runs out of future wage employees. The resource is exhausted, as a man with a salary of $ 1000 may not gain credit for a hundred million, but especially in conditions of unstable capitalist production. That's the crisis erupted.
Why he began his march from America, and why the financial crisis, is also not difficult to understand.
Financial crisis - this is an inevitable manifestation of the domination of the financial oligarchy, which originated on the basis of concentration of capital. Concentration of the capital, where the larger capitalist sharks absorb small, this is one of the laws of the existence of capital itself, leading him to slaughter. And as in the past 100 years the world witnessed the growth of American financial power, then the crisis began in this country.
The U.S. financial system has long been considered one of the freest in terms of state surveillance. U.S. financial institutions flourished, generating record profits at the expense of the housing boom and the release of various derivatives. Almost unlimited freedom in financial markets has led to the creation of a huge overhang of derivatives - the derivative securities, the total volume of which amounted to more than 500 trillion, ten times more than the world's GDP in 2008, and at times - the value of all real assets in the world . Although derivatives for a long time helped to credit institutions to enrich, they also caused the fall of some of them. But derivatives are not going to eat, one can not build a house instead of a jacket and did not dress, but because all of these derivatives, giving huge profit financial speculators, should be based on actual production. And once the real production fails, the borrower could no longer borrow and pay interest, all of these derivatives fell like autumn foliage. Accelerated the crisis by the fact that American banks have introduced a floating rate loan that is interest on loans will not change regardless of the initial agreement. First, the borrower lure cheap credit, and then raised the percentage of the borrower and squeeze all the "juice", not thinking about the consequences. And they came! And came the surprise of many. Began falling production, lower standard of living, impoverishment of the masses, plant closures, cuts in social security and so on. These events occurred not only in America but also captured nearly the whole world as the U.S. economy is one of the most powerful and global market participants used the dollar as the unit of account, as the world currency. Its role in the development of the financial crisis as a world phenomenon was also played by the U.S. Federal Reserve, acting as a global emission center. Used in dollars and Russian banks, industrialists and citizens. And not just used as a large portion of the proceeds from the sale of hydrocarbons have invested in American securities, which erupted as a result of the crisis were to turn into a plain paper. The country's leadership beginning of a reinforced company to restore its reputation and criticism of the U.S. financial system, the fault is, and there was a global financial crisis. Yes, and we agree: the fault of America's financial oligarchs. But who, as you pushed them to serve those who made the export to the U.S. from the sale of hydrocarbon resources, who are forced to destroy their own producers, in order to receive profits on the resale of imported goods? No one, except for greed at any cost, even at the cost of living of millions of Russian citizens spivshihsya of despair, millions of young people embarked on the path of addiction, because of futility, millions of sick and disabled people who have died from lack of medicine. Who forced them to curtail domestic consumption market and replacing it with imported goods for the sake of a narrow group of primary income monopolies and financial oligarchies. When they are selling the hydrocarbons, immediately bought imported goods (drugs, industrial products, agricultural), and their importation into the country receiving the profit.
For fast as sales of imported goods and they were destroyed, with exorbitant taxes and expensive loans, the domestic producer. This phenomenon also has an explanation that fits into the history of the party, but in this case I will not touch this particular topic, so as not to overload the reader. It should be noted: that the system of public administration, customized for the super financial-industrial groups and led to such severe consequences of the crisis in the country. The decline in production, the effects of the crisis in Russia has been one of the most significant. Production and domestic consumption was breathing its last, if I may say so, and when the crisis erupted in the U.S., in Russia, just started a hurricane. We can say that the situation has developed in the empire, which is described in Goethe's Faust: Came to an end the Allied Contributions And no money pump Now the treasury is not inflated Dried up tributary capitation fees We have that city, and donors, And svoevolnichaet know. Now, any possession of the Princes Boss nova race. Rulers hand we do not associate, Others were given as incentives. Of the parties as if they were not invited, Props we create. We are also alien to their sorrow, As we and our needs to them. Who now cares You Guelph and Ghibellines are you? Self comes first, All for ourselves, everyone lord. We all desire to become richer, On all doors lock padlock, But let them in our chest. (Guelphs and Ghibellines - supporters of the papacy and the imperial power in medieval Italy.)
But today is not only important to determine the true reasons, but also to find ways to overcome the ravages of the crisis, the ravages of the financial oligarchy, creating unbearable living conditions. And that's something, just, do not we hear from our government and president. Government crisis plan aimed at bailing out banks and the profits of financial-industrial groups, but not to restore the country's industrial potential. That, incidentally, is very distinctive from the measures taken by the Americans or Chinese.
As I have said, the reason for the U.S. financial crisis was in no way limited freedom in financial markets on release in the treatment of various derivatives, which led to the creation of a huge overhang of derivatives - the derivative securities, amounting to more than 500 trillion. All this is a manifestation of the domination of finance capital, leading to the collapse of the entire system of capitalist relations, when real production is destroyed for the sake of the profits of the financial oligarchy. The unfolding financial crisis, when only a year went bankrupt more than a U.S. bank, made the U.S. administration to take stringent measures to curb the arbitrariness of financial institutions, and Barack Obama urged to tighten financial controls in the U.S.. President Barack Obama in his address to the nation called on Congress to approve changes in the American system of financial regulation. He said the need to introduce more stringent measures to regulate the economy and financial markets - not just in the U.S., but around the world to prevent the recurrence of past mistakes.
The massive collapse of banks has caused anger on the part of the American public and the media, which accused the bankers irresponsibility, greed, and sometimes in criminal acts. Summing up all the changes proposed by the U.S. administration, can be stated that regulation of U.S. financial sector will become much more than before the crisis. Almost certainly, this means that previous gains financiers can not see the U.S. as their ears.
The unfolding crisis in the U.S. shook the entire world economy, while Russia suffered the most severe consequences. The question naturally arises: why Americans have a crisis and we fall in production on tens of percentage points? After China, which supplied the American market for the lion's share of goods, escaped with just a decline in output growth, rather than falling.
In 2009, the growth of the Chinese economy grew by 8.7%, and in the past year came on the same level of growth, and in 2010, according to IMF data, China's economic growth rate of 10%. What explains, "Chinese miracle" of such a quick and triumphant exit from the crisis? It is no secret that support the economy of China has a government program promoting growth of 4 trillion yuan ($ 585 billion), as well as a record increase in lending, and not under any such interest, as in Russia. The volume of capital investment by Chinese companies has increased by 33,5% in the first half against the backdrop of record volume of lending has made for this period of $ 1.1 trillion. At the same time, many believe that current levels of the Chinese economy - is not the limit, and wait for exciting new data. According to the forecast deputy director of the Research Center on Development of the State Council of Ba Shusuna, China will become the first country recovered from the recession, the growth of China's GDP in 2009 is 8%, and in the first quarter of 2010 could exceed 10%. Chinese authorities intend to maintain measures to support the economy. "Thanks to the timely implementation of a package of measures has been achieved economic growth, increased domestic demand for goods, increase incomes," - said at the October meeting, members of the Standing Committee of the State Council. Such measures taken leadership of the U.S. and China, but what made the leaders of Russia, in order to support the domestic economy? And the Russian government, apparently looking for overseas friends, has allocated huge resources to banks, but that the result was different. Bankers money, of course, have taken, but the real economy they have never reached. How true! Began to resent all those who hoped for a slightly different result. That's just why he should be given? In fact, before the financial crisis, Russian banks have withdrawn from the country's economy lion's share of the profits, why are they now begin to act differently and will cease to assign most of the funds allocated by the state to overcome the crisis? The President, the State Duma and the Government had refused to nationalize the banking sector, and move to direct financing of industrial enterprises are faced with an outflow of capital and under-financing industry. It turned out that the banks have, and credit and financial system is not. Central Bank chairman Sergei Ignatiev, not wanting to take over all responsibility, said that part of the allocated state funds to support the financial sector, commercial banks foreign currency translation and placed in foreign banks. Capital outflow from Russia in October totaled $ 50 billion The situation with the lending industries and Sergei Ivanov said. "A number of enterprises of the defense," experiencing an acute shortage of working capital to ensure the finished product, transfer it to the customer. The banking sector tends not only to maintain its stability, which is understandable, but also a significant benefit at the expense of industry. This is completely incomprehensible, and in any gate not climbing. Many banks are aggressively trying to change the basic conditions already signed loan agreements to raise rates to 9-12% to 15-18%, "-" Ivanov said. The situation is so critical that Prime Minister Vladimir Putin gathered the bankers and threatened them with inspections by law enforcement agencies, if the money continue to flee the country. Do not stay aside and the President of the country.
"Banks should not profit from the loans, said the Russian president and instructed the Central Bank to monitor the fairness margins of banks." At a meeting with the leadership of the Chamber of Commerce (CCI) Dmitry Medvedev echoed the words of Prime Minister Vladimir Putin about the fact that now, with the liquidity crisis, banks should conduct themselves primarily as "gosagenty" and aim at, as to saturate Money smaller financial institutions and the real sector of the economy. And forget for a time the main goal of any business - profit. Rejecting that banks acted as government bodies in shape, Dmitry Medvedev, suggested that private banks to become so in essence, pressing on morality and responsibility. And to the need to follow the moral law, ie "Fair" margin, no doubt, the President proposed to allocate special tsentrobankovskih "commissioners." According to Medvedev, "fair" interest rate should be determined by the formula "inflation plus a margin (ie, the percentage of the official consumer price index plus a certain percentage of" fair "profit). A "see to it that this margin of banking, the bank's remuneration for the relevant banking operation, was reasonable - a case control organizations, recalled, Dmitry Medvedev. Otherwise, President Medvedev has threatened to shorten the chain of passing the money through a credit system. Law enforcement and supervisory authorities of the Russian Federation did not take long to wait, and agreed on joint action to tighten control over spending of budget funds allocated to overcome the effects of the global financial crisis. Meeting of the interdepartmental working group on combating violations in the sphere of economy with the participation of representatives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, FSB, the Federal Tax Service, Federal Financial Monitoring Service, the Central Bank and the Federal Service for Financial Markets took place Tuesday at the General Prosecutor's Office. The meeting participants adopted an action program to secure budget funds allocated for the strengthening of financial and other sectors of the economy. As we see, instead of simple, effective and understandable to the people of measures to nationalize banking, has been said a lot of terrible words and exhortations, but because everything is still as in the fable, where the cat Vaska listens yes eat. And eating, as is evident from news reports, this cat is not enough. According to the Bank, the profits of the 30 largest credit institutions in the first quarter of 2010 has doubled compared to the same period last year - up to 82 billion rubles. The annual profit of 30 largest banks in the April 1 962 000 000 000 515 519 000 rubles, said the central bank. This is only 1,4% more than what had been the previous year (949 000 000 000 181 109 000 rubles). But while the first three months of 2010 profits top thirty was twice over the same period in 2009: 82 billion rubles to 39.7 billion rubles. All Russian banks received the first quarter of 116.7 billion rubles in net profit. It is interesting that the volume of lending continues to fall (on April 1st credit debt was 14.955 trillion rubles, while the previous year was 15.805 trillion rubles), and arrears on previous loans and other placements for the same period grew by almost half - to 752.62 billion rubles to 463 billion rubles. In recent months, the banking sector can be divided into two main trends - the decline in assets of credit institutions and the increase in bank profits, experts say. "The reduction in assets is justified to some reduction in lending, as well as a significant reduction in the volume of cash, precious metals and stones (at 25.48%, to 408 billion rubles). And the growth in earnings is due primarily small increase to customers, increase revenue on bonds and notes and the annual increase in interest income of banks ", - analyst IK" Finam "Konstantin Romanov.
Here is a paradoxical situation in the banking sector - loans to stagnate, profits grow! Exists in Russia's economy! Successfully overcome the crisis and the Russian oligarchs, who were able to double his annual state of up to $ 297 billion, estimates the Russian Forbes. Of these same billionaires has twice as many - 62. Only those who have to deal with the crisis - it's just the Russian workers, some of which are generally found without a livelihood, because I think the unemployment benefit means to live hard. Yes, and those who continue to work are forced to tighten their belts tighter and tighter, as the greatly increased utility bills, food prices, and wages also declined, due to uncontrolled inflation and invincible.
At the same time Russians spend nearly half their salary to buy food, as evidenced by a poll by the Levada Center. This suggests that Russia - a country poor, and assumptions about the situation yet. Almost half of their monthly income Russians spend to buy food, leading to Interfax data nationwide survey by the Levada Center, held from 16 to 19 April. Dlyasravneniya: the crisis in 2009, it takes less than - 36% of salary. Now, based on survey data, for the purchase of food 23% of Russians spend two-thirds of earnings, 20% - slightly less than half, and 10% - all the money. That a large part of his salary goes to food, evidenced by low incomes of the least affluent. In fact, the share of expenditures in the budget for family meals - an indicator of poverty. This figure is in contrast to the official statistics can not be deceived: it is the most versatile and the ultimate indicator of poverty. Here at once inflation and food prices and wages. And it is not surprising that, in connection with the crisis of this proportion has increased. If citizens, spending on food half earnings in the country for more than 50%, we can say that a poor country. Meanwhile, in developed countries, households spend on food, about 20-25% of monthly income. In some countries the figures are even better: in England, for example, on food is spent 11% of household income in France - 14%. No need to have seven genius and ten degrees, to understand that low labor costs and allows the financial oligarchy, commodity tycoons and the service of their bureaucracy and receive a fabulous profit. And the working class is something to pursue, the Bole that passive consent of employees to work for little pay for leading the country to ruin and it is no exaggeration. After all, the low cost of labor and capital pushing the country to a dead end road - reducing wages, as the only source of increasing profits. This also contributes to the uncontrolled influx of migrants who, in the first stage of capital increase revenues, but ultimately destroy, industry, economy and country. Only the high cost of labor to the world markets, forced the captain, but a necessity and is the driving force for development, increase productivity, adopt new technologies and machines. In recent years, has received widespread slogan: "decent pay for decent work". With this slogan are the union leaders, this slogan sounded and the congress of United Russia. The new masters of life uttered this sentence with an air of profundity, relying on the recognition and understanding. Here are just in that very slogan is nothing new, but a rehash of old, worn European politicians even in the nineteenth century the slogan: "A fair wage for a fair day, which is still Engels offered to bury forever. But as we see, this slogan has found a second life in the mouths of the newly-fledged Russian bourgeoisie. That's what I wrote on this subject Engels: "A fair wage for a fair day? But what is a fair wage and that is just a working day? How are they those laws under which he lives and is developing a modern society? To answer this question we must turn not to the science of Maralee or on the right and not to the sentiment of humanity, justice or even compassion. What is true in terms of morality or law, may be not just socially. Social justice and injustice are determined only one science, namely science, which deals with the material facts of production and exchange - the science of political economy ... But hearken to the case more deeply. Since, according to political economy, wages and the working day are determined by competition, fairness, obviously requires that both parties were from the beginning placed in the same conditions. But this is something and not in reality. If the capitalist is not arranged with the worker, then he can wait, living on their capital. Desktop is impossible. In addition to salary, he can not live on that, so he is forced to take work if there on the terms on which he can get it. Work from the beginning is the struggle in adverse conditions. Hunger puts him in terrible disadvantage. Meanwhile, according to the political economy of the capitalist class, that is just and is the top justice. But this is utter nonsense. Propagation of mechanical power and machinery for new production and distribution and improvement of machinery in those industries where they have already been applied, deprived of more and more "hands", and it happens much faster than those displaced by the "hand" can be absorbed and find employment in the factories of the country. These superseded the "hand" constitute a genuine industrial reserve army, which uses the capital. If things are bad in the industry, they may die of starvation, begging, stealing or go to the workhouse, if things in the industry are good, they are always on hand to expand production, and up until the last of the men, women or children, components of this reserve army, can not find work - that happens only during periods of overproduction mad, until this reserve army of the competition will lower wages, and one has its existence would strengthen the power of capital in its struggle against labor. In competition with the capital work has not only put at a disadvantage, but he still has to drag his leg chained to the iron core. However, according to the capitalist political economy, this is true. But find out from the same fund pays a capital that is so fair wages. From the capital, of course. But capital does not produce value. Labor is the only source of wealth, capital itself is nothing, as the accumulated product of labor. Thus, the fee shall be paid for work from the same labor and worker is paid from its own product. According to what we might call the ordinary justice, workers' wages should correspond to the product of his labor. But according to political economy, it would not be fair. On the contrary, the product of labor worker goes to the capitalist and the worker gets out of it no more than what is absolutely necessary for life. Thus, the result is an unusually "fair" competition is the fact that the product of labor of those who work, inevitably accumulates in the hands of those who do not work, and it becomes in their hands a powerful instrument to enslave the very people who produced it. Fair wage for a fair day! Much could be said about the fair-time, whose validity to a tee is the same as the fair wage. But it should be postponed until another time. From what has been said, it is clear that the old slogan has outlived its time and is unlikely to fit in our time. The validity of political economy, since the latter is true formulates laws that govern today's society, that justice is entirely on one side - on the side of capital. So bury forever the old slogan and replace it with another: MEANS OF LABOR - raw materials, factories, machines - in the possession of the workers! " So he taught business associate of Marx's revolutionary and successful entrepreneur Friedrich Engels. And today, estimating experience, past reforms have to say - the state - into the possession of the workers themselves. And only this could really, not words, to ensure fair wages and the progressive development of society. Vitaly Glukhov
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