The Forum Site "political indoctrination" Anatoly Ponemasov asks: "Why is political economy, in which time has become impossible, and disappeared from the list of disciplines for higher education on humanitarian and socio-economic cycle of the RF Ministry of Education?". And why, in a textbook for high schools, gives a ludicrous interpretation of profit: "... any particular market situation is characterized by a certain vagueness, and it is this uncertainty and generates profits from individual entrepreneurs as an additional, excess income, the excess of total revenue over the full costs. Causes of this additional income can be varied: a monopoly firm in the market, technical innovation, the innovative activities of entrepreneurs associated with foresight, originality of thought, courage, and so on. This definition is absurd, not only in fact but also in regard to the authors, as well as making themselves redundant in the process of teaching. If the profit arises from the uncertainty, then there is nothing to teach. You can not teach a person to uncertainty, but also the money for it to take. But take! If the same approach to the assessment of reality, from the standpoint of classical political economy, from the standpoint of Marxism, there is no uncertainty and does not occur, and observed a strict relationship and the laws of value. After all, Marx did not invent the various uncertainties, did not refer to innovation and original thinking entrepreneurs (stupider than anything you can imagine), and clearly indicates that there is profit, from which it is formed, and how to be transformed.
"Profit capitalist - he wrote in Volume III of Capital Marx - turns out because he can sell something that he did not pay. Surplus value, profit is just from an excess of cost of goods over the cost of production, ie excess of the total amount of work contained in the product, it contains over the amount paid for labor. " (T. 3 Part 1, p. 49.)
All clear and understandable. There is no uncertainty and a hiccup. This approach allows correct assessment of current economic events, identify patterns and make evaluations. Consider, for example, some of the phenomena of our lives. Speaking at the International Banking Congress in St. Petersburg, Finance Minister Alexei Kudrin said that, according to his calculations, in the coming years, return on capital in the banking sector will be higher than in the oil and gas. "Profits of the 30 largest banks rose during the year more than a third," - says Nezavisimaya Gazeta. "Profit thirty largest banks in the light of the findings of previous years for the period January-May increased over the year by 37.4 percent, reported Itar-Tass. According to the Central Bank for the first June 2007, she totaled 376 billion rubles. A year earlier, the figure reached 273.7 billion rubles. Assets of the first of thirty banks increased by 26.3 percent and amounted to 12 trillion rubles, and the loan portfolio increased from 5 to 7.6 trillion rubles. In the first quarter (according to the first April 2007), the largest gain of $ 31.7 billion rubles was Sberbank ". "Russian Standard" is one of the first to go to the disclosure of effective interest on loans, not waiting for the entry into force of the Central Bank guidelines, which obliges it to do (it will enter into force on 1 July this year). According to the Bank's effective interest rate issued by them potrebkreditam was 44,3%, on credit cards - 79.2% ", - informs" Gazeta ".
At the same time, "Kommersant" newspaper informs: "Russia's companies lose money." Rosstat published data on the financial results of enterprises in the first quarter of 2007. Growth of profits Russian industrialists steadily declining. Economists attribute this to significant cost increases and say that this trend will be stable: with lost profits and competitiveness. According to published yesterday by Rosstat profit and loss account Russian enterprises, the reported profits in Russia's economy is growing. However, it should be noted that the statistics of the Federal State Statistics Service does not include the financial results of small businesses, banks, insurance companies and budget organizations. Thus, in January-March 2007, 56,8 thousand organizations received a profit of $ 1.2 trillion rubles., And 31,2 thousand organizations was a loss of $ 166.2 billion rubles. However, compared with January-March 2006, the share of unprofitable enterprises decreased by 5,2% and amounted to 35,5%. Economists argue that earnings growth for companies in the medium term will be reduced, and with it will decline and the competitiveness of Russian enterprises.
"The fall of profit leads to a loss of competitiveness. Now the government is most concerned about inflation, but experience shows: when the electoral component of inflation is reduced, the government turns its face to the entrepreneur," - said Julia Tseplyaeva. "I still would not call this situation the loss of competitiveness - objection Vladimir Salnikov .- Rather it is a challenge. If Russia's enterprises payers increase their effectiveness, everything will be fine." Another newspaper warns citizens that the number of dollar millionaires in Russia over the last year increased by 15,5% and reached about 119 thousand people. These findings are contained in the new study of global wealth World Wealth Report, released Wednesday U.S. investment firm Merrill Lynch and consulting firm Capgemini Group. As growth in the number of millionaires Russia is second only to Singapore and India, where it increased by 21,2 and 20,5% respectively. If you evaluate the above facts from the standpoint of our "indefinite" academics, nothing to see, moreover, that some of this 'uncertainty' richer while others get poorer, and it is impossible. But from the standpoint of classical economics can be seen and understood much. But, to start to make some generalizations on the basis of the information provided.
First, we see that banking activity generates huge profits, and asserts Kudrin, the yield of capital in this field will be even higher than the oil and gas. Secondly, there is a clear trend of falling profits in industrial production, which does not hinder the growth of dollar billionaires. And, thirdly, many banks and lenders are forced to take loans at high interest rates monopoly. Here then arise, for the person who knows the laws of capitalist economy, the puzzled questions. And what make bankers, getting profits even higher than in the sphere of production? And why in industry profits are falling, and banks are increasing? And how is it that the banking business, which does not create value, but only deals with already realize the value of providing circulation of capital through a variety of payments, accounting bills, bank accounts, deposit money, credit issuance, etc. became highly profitable?
Yes, the capitalist production if we have, one could well ask questions. After all, the basic law of capitalist competition - is the law, equalizing the rate of profit, the reduction rate of profit to the average rate when the capital of equal, in equal intervals of time, give of equal profits. Where trade in money, just trade in goods, albeit with a special use properties, and nothing more. A profit of bankers is only a deduction from the surplus value created in production, which can not be higher than the profit of the production. And the bankers receive for their services, for the treatment of capital, not dominate over the production. And what we are seeing? Banks from one year to reap huge profits, industrial production become less profitable, not to mention agriculture, and citizens are forced to take loans at 44% per annum and above. All this suggests that we are dealing with a high degree of monopoly in the banking sphere. In this sphere of activity is tightly controlled, and there is no free movement of capital. That the state has entered into an agreement with the bankers. Because then Kudrin said that "in the next few years, return on capital in the banking sector will be higher than in the oil and gas. Because an ordinary maintenance of capital movements, banking operations, has become a dominate production and consumption, to rule over the whole society. The very same banking degenerated into banal usury, and, in fact - in antibankovskuyu activities. What, in turn, allows multiply dollar billionaires, like mushrooms after rain. Government officials also are always talking about the market and freedom to create a competitive environment, where money appears in a number of all other goods, in fact, try not to freedom, to a monopoly.
Only a monopoly on the financial services market continues to create such conditions, when the lion's share of profits falls into the hands of bankers, as a commodity, like money, is sold at monopoly prices. I hope that now everyone understands why the universities have abolished the teaching of economics.
Vitaly Glukhov
07.07.2007 g.
-------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------
The financial crisis has forced presidents and politicians from different countries to talk about what all this time, they are so hard to silence: the rule of the financial oligarchy over industrial production, the uncontrolled financial market, which contributed to such large-scale collapse of stock markets and led to the bankruptcy of the oldest banks.
At the summit in Brussels, Sarkozy, speaking to the leaders of 27 member EU announced that it is necessary to create "a new capitalism, which will serve as finance companies and citizens and not vice versa." Sarkozy noted that the current crisis should be for all states "good lesson" from which to make the necessary conclusions and to avoid repeating the mistakes that led to the collapse. That means the need to create a new framework for global financial system.
Other chapters of the EU countries also expressed the view that korrerovka financial system, few countries can never be sufficient. Necessary to reform the global financial system as a whole. Also felt the need to monitor the financial structure, and for this to take measures to ensure maximum transparency. The summit approved the creation of anti-crisis department, which, if necessary, will help States to exchange useful information and better coordinate their actions.
Only Russia's president and members of the government cabinet stubbornly silent about the viciousness of the country's financial system, banks are continuing to pump up the budget with money and unwinding, thus, inflation, apparently hoping means gold reserves (gold reserves) extinguish the current crisis.
And that means - salvation flawed financial system, contrary to the interests of domestic producers and the people? This means that the country, most of the power elite, plunged into further crisis and degradation.
-------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------
Banks took the state 17 billion
Its banks have received a new injection of money. Now, 17.1 billion rubles of state loan for the "real economy" gave Alfa Bank, NOMOS-Bank and Khanty-Mansiysk Bank. In all, only in the last two months, the state pumped into the banking system of 562 billion rubles. More banks are required to "promote" them in the form of loans are usually plants, agricultural enterprises and shops. But just here and there are big problems.
Isolation of the so-called subordinated (related terms) loans approved supervisory board shall (EBV). Alfa-Bank made 10.2 billion rubles, NOMOS-Bank - 4.9 billion rubles, and Husky Energy Inc - yet 2 billion this money became the first in the distribution of private banks 225 billion rubles, for lending "normal" economy. At least as many in the capital of the banks are making and their owners.
Zadumka government is simple: from the budget money goes into a state corporation VEB, and then - in a "specialized lending institutions - banks. But those already doing their usual job, but now for very specific instructions from the government - make loans to small, medium and large companies. Thus the State has already issued the country's three largest banks - Sberbank, VTB and Rosselkhozbank - 525 billion rubles ( "Izvestia" wrote at length about this October 31). And this does not include the deposits of the Ministry of Finance and the Agency for Housing Mortgage Lending (AHML) redemption of mortgage by 60 billion rubles. Whatever you say, means huge, but until they reach the economy with great difficulty. It is already recognized in the government.
- Until the end of these thrombi, we were unable to break through - reported on Monday, President Dmitry Medvedev, First Vice Prime Minister Igor Shuvalov. - Because the standards by which banks operate, require borrowers to provide additional collateral base, and at the moment due to the fact that the assets of many enterprises devalued, banks do not understand how they comply with those requirements.
In other words, it appears that banks refer to "objective difficulties" and sit with the state billions, but this time the company suffocate without working capital.
Source: Izvestia
"Profit capitalist - he wrote in Volume III of Capital Marx - turns out because he can sell something that he did not pay. Surplus value, profit is just from an excess of cost of goods over the cost of production, ie excess of the total amount of work contained in the product, it contains over the amount paid for labor. " (T. 3 Part 1, p. 49.)
All clear and understandable. There is no uncertainty and a hiccup. This approach allows correct assessment of current economic events, identify patterns and make evaluations. Consider, for example, some of the phenomena of our lives. Speaking at the International Banking Congress in St. Petersburg, Finance Minister Alexei Kudrin said that, according to his calculations, in the coming years, return on capital in the banking sector will be higher than in the oil and gas. "Profits of the 30 largest banks rose during the year more than a third," - says Nezavisimaya Gazeta. "Profit thirty largest banks in the light of the findings of previous years for the period January-May increased over the year by 37.4 percent, reported Itar-Tass. According to the Central Bank for the first June 2007, she totaled 376 billion rubles. A year earlier, the figure reached 273.7 billion rubles. Assets of the first of thirty banks increased by 26.3 percent and amounted to 12 trillion rubles, and the loan portfolio increased from 5 to 7.6 trillion rubles. In the first quarter (according to the first April 2007), the largest gain of $ 31.7 billion rubles was Sberbank ". "Russian Standard" is one of the first to go to the disclosure of effective interest on loans, not waiting for the entry into force of the Central Bank guidelines, which obliges it to do (it will enter into force on 1 July this year). According to the Bank's effective interest rate issued by them potrebkreditam was 44,3%, on credit cards - 79.2% ", - informs" Gazeta ".
At the same time, "Kommersant" newspaper informs: "Russia's companies lose money." Rosstat published data on the financial results of enterprises in the first quarter of 2007. Growth of profits Russian industrialists steadily declining. Economists attribute this to significant cost increases and say that this trend will be stable: with lost profits and competitiveness. According to published yesterday by Rosstat profit and loss account Russian enterprises, the reported profits in Russia's economy is growing. However, it should be noted that the statistics of the Federal State Statistics Service does not include the financial results of small businesses, banks, insurance companies and budget organizations. Thus, in January-March 2007, 56,8 thousand organizations received a profit of $ 1.2 trillion rubles., And 31,2 thousand organizations was a loss of $ 166.2 billion rubles. However, compared with January-March 2006, the share of unprofitable enterprises decreased by 5,2% and amounted to 35,5%. Economists argue that earnings growth for companies in the medium term will be reduced, and with it will decline and the competitiveness of Russian enterprises.
"The fall of profit leads to a loss of competitiveness. Now the government is most concerned about inflation, but experience shows: when the electoral component of inflation is reduced, the government turns its face to the entrepreneur," - said Julia Tseplyaeva. "I still would not call this situation the loss of competitiveness - objection Vladimir Salnikov .- Rather it is a challenge. If Russia's enterprises payers increase their effectiveness, everything will be fine." Another newspaper warns citizens that the number of dollar millionaires in Russia over the last year increased by 15,5% and reached about 119 thousand people. These findings are contained in the new study of global wealth World Wealth Report, released Wednesday U.S. investment firm Merrill Lynch and consulting firm Capgemini Group. As growth in the number of millionaires Russia is second only to Singapore and India, where it increased by 21,2 and 20,5% respectively. If you evaluate the above facts from the standpoint of our "indefinite" academics, nothing to see, moreover, that some of this 'uncertainty' richer while others get poorer, and it is impossible. But from the standpoint of classical economics can be seen and understood much. But, to start to make some generalizations on the basis of the information provided.
First, we see that banking activity generates huge profits, and asserts Kudrin, the yield of capital in this field will be even higher than the oil and gas. Secondly, there is a clear trend of falling profits in industrial production, which does not hinder the growth of dollar billionaires. And, thirdly, many banks and lenders are forced to take loans at high interest rates monopoly. Here then arise, for the person who knows the laws of capitalist economy, the puzzled questions. And what make bankers, getting profits even higher than in the sphere of production? And why in industry profits are falling, and banks are increasing? And how is it that the banking business, which does not create value, but only deals with already realize the value of providing circulation of capital through a variety of payments, accounting bills, bank accounts, deposit money, credit issuance, etc. became highly profitable?
Yes, the capitalist production if we have, one could well ask questions. After all, the basic law of capitalist competition - is the law, equalizing the rate of profit, the reduction rate of profit to the average rate when the capital of equal, in equal intervals of time, give of equal profits. Where trade in money, just trade in goods, albeit with a special use properties, and nothing more. A profit of bankers is only a deduction from the surplus value created in production, which can not be higher than the profit of the production. And the bankers receive for their services, for the treatment of capital, not dominate over the production. And what we are seeing? Banks from one year to reap huge profits, industrial production become less profitable, not to mention agriculture, and citizens are forced to take loans at 44% per annum and above. All this suggests that we are dealing with a high degree of monopoly in the banking sphere. In this sphere of activity is tightly controlled, and there is no free movement of capital. That the state has entered into an agreement with the bankers. Because then Kudrin said that "in the next few years, return on capital in the banking sector will be higher than in the oil and gas. Because an ordinary maintenance of capital movements, banking operations, has become a dominate production and consumption, to rule over the whole society. The very same banking degenerated into banal usury, and, in fact - in antibankovskuyu activities. What, in turn, allows multiply dollar billionaires, like mushrooms after rain. Government officials also are always talking about the market and freedom to create a competitive environment, where money appears in a number of all other goods, in fact, try not to freedom, to a monopoly.
Only a monopoly on the financial services market continues to create such conditions, when the lion's share of profits falls into the hands of bankers, as a commodity, like money, is sold at monopoly prices. I hope that now everyone understands why the universities have abolished the teaching of economics.
Vitaly Glukhov
07.07.2007 g.
-------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------
The financial crisis has forced presidents and politicians from different countries to talk about what all this time, they are so hard to silence: the rule of the financial oligarchy over industrial production, the uncontrolled financial market, which contributed to such large-scale collapse of stock markets and led to the bankruptcy of the oldest banks.
At the summit in Brussels, Sarkozy, speaking to the leaders of 27 member EU announced that it is necessary to create "a new capitalism, which will serve as finance companies and citizens and not vice versa." Sarkozy noted that the current crisis should be for all states "good lesson" from which to make the necessary conclusions and to avoid repeating the mistakes that led to the collapse. That means the need to create a new framework for global financial system.
Other chapters of the EU countries also expressed the view that korrerovka financial system, few countries can never be sufficient. Necessary to reform the global financial system as a whole. Also felt the need to monitor the financial structure, and for this to take measures to ensure maximum transparency. The summit approved the creation of anti-crisis department, which, if necessary, will help States to exchange useful information and better coordinate their actions.
Only Russia's president and members of the government cabinet stubbornly silent about the viciousness of the country's financial system, banks are continuing to pump up the budget with money and unwinding, thus, inflation, apparently hoping means gold reserves (gold reserves) extinguish the current crisis.
And that means - salvation flawed financial system, contrary to the interests of domestic producers and the people? This means that the country, most of the power elite, plunged into further crisis and degradation.
-------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------
Banks took the state 17 billion
Its banks have received a new injection of money. Now, 17.1 billion rubles of state loan for the "real economy" gave Alfa Bank, NOMOS-Bank and Khanty-Mansiysk Bank. In all, only in the last two months, the state pumped into the banking system of 562 billion rubles. More banks are required to "promote" them in the form of loans are usually plants, agricultural enterprises and shops. But just here and there are big problems.
Isolation of the so-called subordinated (related terms) loans approved supervisory board shall (EBV). Alfa-Bank made 10.2 billion rubles, NOMOS-Bank - 4.9 billion rubles, and Husky Energy Inc - yet 2 billion this money became the first in the distribution of private banks 225 billion rubles, for lending "normal" economy. At least as many in the capital of the banks are making and their owners.
Zadumka government is simple: from the budget money goes into a state corporation VEB, and then - in a "specialized lending institutions - banks. But those already doing their usual job, but now for very specific instructions from the government - make loans to small, medium and large companies. Thus the State has already issued the country's three largest banks - Sberbank, VTB and Rosselkhozbank - 525 billion rubles ( "Izvestia" wrote at length about this October 31). And this does not include the deposits of the Ministry of Finance and the Agency for Housing Mortgage Lending (AHML) redemption of mortgage by 60 billion rubles. Whatever you say, means huge, but until they reach the economy with great difficulty. It is already recognized in the government.
- Until the end of these thrombi, we were unable to break through - reported on Monday, President Dmitry Medvedev, First Vice Prime Minister Igor Shuvalov. - Because the standards by which banks operate, require borrowers to provide additional collateral base, and at the moment due to the fact that the assets of many enterprises devalued, banks do not understand how they comply with those requirements.
In other words, it appears that banks refer to "objective difficulties" and sit with the state billions, but this time the company suffocate without working capital.
Source: Izvestia
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